在纺织行业,硅树脂是用在所有阶段的过程,在纤维在生产过程中,织物和/或直接在成品。硅树脂是供各种福利如润滑、软化、泡沫控制或疏水性涂料。

Silicones in Fiber Production硅树脂在纤维生产

     Higher production rates oblige artificial fiber producers to continuously search for more efficient materials to lubricate fiber and spinneret and to avoid excessive overheating due to friction during high-speed manufacturing .
    更高的生产速度迫使人造纤维生产商不断寻找更高效的材料润滑纤维和喷丝板,避免过度过热由于摩擦在高速生产。

    Because of properties such as heat stability and good lubrication, silicones can provide a reduction of the dynamic coefficient of friction, reducing the risk of fiber melting and breakage during production.
    因为性能如热稳定性和良好的润滑,硅树脂可以提供一个减少动态摩擦系数,减少风险的纤维甜美在生产过程中破损。

 
     During the manufacturing of artificial fibers, PDMS can also be used as a lubricant to avoid adhesion of the thermoplastic fiber material to the spinneret, which would cause unstable production and cleaning issues.
     在制造人造纤维PDMS还可以用作润滑剂,以避免粘连的热塑性纤维材料的喷丝板,这将导致不稳定生产和清洁问题。

    Silicones can also be used to achieve low coefficients of friction between the fibers them-selves. Generally a silanol-functional silicone, a reactive cross-linker  and a condensation catalyst are formulated together into a coating to encapsulate the fiber.Such treated fibers will lead to high thermal insulating textiles and filling material for fiberfill systems as found in duvets or overalls.
    硅酮也可以用来实现低纤维之间的摩擦系数的报告和缩合催化剂一起制定成一个涂层来封装的光纤。这样将导致高治疗纤维保温纺织品和填充材料填充纤维系统,发现在羽绒被或者工装裤。

    Cleaning silicones used during fiber production can sometimes be an issue. To minimize this, lubricant silicone polyethers have been developed with higher hydrophilicity and easier to clean.
    清洁过程中使用纤维生产硅酮有时可以是一个问题。以最小化,润滑剂有机硅聚醚已经发展出更高的亲水性和容易清洁。

    Once produced, fibers can be treated with silicones to impart initial softness to the textiles made from these fibers. Softening is considered to come from the siloxane backbone flexibility and the freedom of rotation along the Si-O bonds.his allows exposure of the low interacting methyl groups, reducing fiber-to-fiber interactions.
    一旦产生,纤维可以采用硅酮传授初始柔软的纺织品由这些纤维。软化被认为来自硅氧烷骨干灵活性和自由旋转沿硅氧债券。T这允许暴露低甲基相互作用,减少纤维到纤维交互。

    To enhance durability through multiple wash cycles, some methyl groups can be replaced on the silicone polymer by other functional groups to increase the silicone softener attraction to, and interaction with, the fibers to be treated.
    提高耐久性通过多个清洗周期,一些甲基可以取代的硅酮聚合物由其他官能团增加吸引力的有机硅柔软剂,互动,纤维被对待。

    In this respect, amino-functional groups like -CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-CH2-NH2 are particularly popular for increasing physical adsorption and providing better softening properties.
    在这方面,氨基功能团体像ch2 ch2 ch2 nh ch2 ch2 nh2尤其受人们的欢迎,增加物理吸附和提供更好的软化特性。

    During the application generally done in acidic conditions, these amino groups areThis offers a number of advantages if compared to macroemulsions. macroemulsionsThe quality of a microemulsion is easily controlled: visual appearance and good clarity ensures small particle size and long shelf life without the need of any sophisticated particle size testing equipment.Microemulsions have also excellent shelf stability and allow for higher dilutions with better shear stability.
    在应用程序通常在酸性条件下完成的,这些氨基酸组这些氨基功能硅树脂是最好的交付给纺织品表面的形式下微乳液。这提供了一个数量的优势如果相比。 一个微乳液的质量是容易控制:视觉外观和良好的透明度确保小粒径、保质期长的不需要任何复杂的颗粒大小测试设备。乳也优秀的货架的稳定性和允许更高的稀释与更好的剪切稳定性。

    On the other side, microemulsions are often formulated with high levels of surfactants, and these can affect the softness normally provided by the silicones. Such surfactants must therefore be carefully selected.
    另一方面,微小乳状液通常制定高水平的表面活性剂,这些会影响柔软通常提供的硅树脂。这种表面活性剂因此必须仔细选择。

    Amino-functional silicones can also yellow upon aging via chromophores generated on the amino group, in particular from linkages between amino groups.Modifying the amino groups with adequate blocking groups overcomes this problem, offering formulators non-yellowing fiber softeners .
    氨基功能硅酮也可以通过生成黄色在老化生色团的氨基,特别是从氨基基团之间的联系。修改的氨基与足够的阻塞组克服这个问题,提供在采用较低含量的黄变纤维软化剂。

    Silicones will inherently increase the hydrophobic nature of any treated fabric, a feature not desired in some applications; for example, as it results in poor water absorbency on towels. Trends here are to design amino-functional silicone polymers with higher hydrophilicity .
    硅树脂将本质上增加疏水性织物的任何治疗,一个功能不需要一些应用程序;例如,它导致可怜的水吸收能力在毛巾上。趋势这里有设计氨基功能有机硅聚合物与高亲水性.
    As in many other processing industries, silicones are widely used in the textile industries as antifoams. antifoams。Silicone antifoams can operate in a wide range of temperature and pH conditions and can manage highly foaming media.antifoamsTheir compositions can be complex, but there are some formulation rules well known to the silicone industry for producing highly efficient antifoams for many different applications and in various foaming media. Conditions are so diverse that a “universal” antifoam has not yet been formulated.
    在许多其他的加工产业,硅树脂广泛应用于纺织行业 硅胶可以运行在一个广泛的温度和pH值条件和可以管理高发泡媒体。他们的作品可以很复杂,但有一些制定规则熟悉硅胶行业生产高效antifoams对许多不同的应用程序和在各种发泡媒体。条件是如此不同,一个“万能”消泡剂尚未制定。

    In the textile industry, the main use of antifoams is during the scouring step, which is the cleaning of raw fibers before further processing or during the finishing step. antifoamsBoth of these are high foaming steps, as surfactants are extensively used to clean, or in the formulation of fabric softener emulsions. As the industry is also trying to minimize the amounts of water used in such process steps, this results in even higher surfactant concentrations.
    在纺织行业,主要使用是在洗涤步骤,即清洁原料纤维进一步处理之前或期间完成的步骤。它们都是高发泡步骤,作为表面活性剂广泛用于清洁,或在公式化的织物柔软剂乳剂。随着行业也试图减少大量的水用于这样的流程步骤,这导致更高的表面活性剂浓度。

    The greater use of high-shear jet machines requires antifoam emulsions that are stable under very high shear to avoid undesired localized deposition of silicone polymers. Such deposition can result in staining problems.
    人们更多地使用高剪切喷射机需要消泡剂乳液的稳定有非常高的剪切,以避免干扰局部沉积硅树脂聚合物。这样的沉积会导致染色问题。